Poland’s foreign trade – Germany remains the main export and import partner

According to the latest data from Statistics Poland (GUS), Poland’s foreign trade still relies heavily on cooperation with Germany, which remains the country’s leading partner in both exports and imports. Between January and April 2025, goods exchange between the two countries remained at a very high level, despite minor changes in the dynamics of exports and imports.

The total value of Poland’s exports during this period reached EUR 118.9 billion, marking a 0.5% increase compared to the same period last year. Imports amounted to EUR 121.7 billion, a rise of 6.3%. Although the overall trade balance showed a deficit of EUR 2.8 billion, Poland achieved a clear surplus in trade with Germany – at EUR 8.7 billion.

Exports – stable with a strong EU market focus

Exports to Germany amounted to EUR 32.1 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 1.1%, but still representing nearly one-third of Poland’s total exports. The eurozone countries collectively took second place, with sales totalling EUR 37.3 billion – maintaining the same level as in 2024.

Detailed results reveal slight declines in exports to Italy (−5.0%) and France (−2.9%), but increases were noted for Spain (+3.5%) and Slovakia (+7.2%). Exports to the United Kingdom (+0.2%) and the United States (+9.1%) also improved.

It is worth highlighting the sustained positive trade relations with Central and Eastern Europe, despite an overall decline in exports to the region (−8.2%). The growth in exports to Ukraine (+7.1%) confirms the ongoing importance of this market for Polish exporters.

Imports – dynamic growth, rising share of Asia

Imports from Germany in the first four months of 2025 amounted to EUR 23.4 billion, up 0.9% compared to the same period in 2024. Despite Poland’s export surplus with Germany, the country continues to hold a strategic position in Polish imports.

Among eurozone countries, imports from the Netherlands (+5.2%) and Spain (+2.3%) increased, while declines were recorded in imports from Italy and France. Of particular note is the significant rise in imports from South Korea (+30.1%) and from China – Poland’s second-largest import partner – at EUR 18.2 billion (+18.4%).

Foreign trade balance – surplus with the EU, deficit with Asia

Although Poland’s overall trade balance for the period was negative, the country achieved a surplus in trade with most developed economies – both EU and non-EU.

The largest surpluses were noted with the eurozone (EUR 9.6 billion) and with Germany (EUR 8.7 billion). On the other hand, trade relations with China and other developing countries continue to pose challenges – growing imports from Asia, combined with low levels of exports to these regions, are systematically widening the trade deficit.

What does this mean for international businesses?

Data from Statistics Poland clearly shows that despite economic volatility in Europe, Germany remains not only Poland’s leading trading partner but also a stable foundation for goods exchange. For international companies, this signals continued opportunities for collaboration with German partners, alongside a need to closely monitor developments in Asian markets.

Given the global economic climate, the growing importance of the USA and South Korea in Poland’s trade structure may also indicate the need to diversify trade and logistics directions.

Summary – foreign trade in Poland and development trends

Poland’s foreign trade in 2025 remains relatively stable – despite geopolitical challenges and global market changes. The surplus in trade with Germany and EU partners highlights the strength of Poland’s economic integration with the EU. Meanwhile, rising imports from Asia and the US confirm the global nature of Poland’s trade and the need for a strategic approach to expansion.

Are you planning to expand your trade activities in the EU – especially with partners in Poland or Germany? Take advantage of getsix®’s international expertise. We support foreign businesses in accounting, tax, and legal matters. Contact us to explore how we can help your company grow in the Polish and European markets.

If you have any further questions or require additional information, please contact your business relationship person or use the enquiry form on the HLB Poland website.

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